热力学如何解释进化论：最大化熵产生原理驱动下的自然选择
导语人们一直以来都坚信着达尔文“物竞天择”的进化原则。因为，虽然生物属于一整类复杂而有序的系统，但这些系统是基于热力学第二定律存在的。
保守力与耗散力的动力学本质
许多人初学时会把它们概括为“做功与路径无关的是保守力，做功会损失机械能的是耗散力”，这样的说法并不错误，但如果停留在这个层面，便很难真正把握二者在物理学中的深层差异。
演化稳定策略与社会结构假说：群体认知分化、能量代谢限制
演化稳定策略与社会结构假说：群体认知分化、能量代谢限制与人类秩序的物理必然性 (Evolutionary Stable Strategy and Social Structural Hypothesis: Population Cognitive Differentiation,
《自然》（20240321出版）一周论文导读
Abstract:Floods are one of the most common natural disasters， with a disproportionate impact in developing countries that often lack dense streamflow gauge networks. Accurate and timely warnings are critical for mitigating flood risks， but hydrological simulation models typically must be calibrated to long data records in each watershed. Here we show that artificial intelligence-based forecasting achieves reliability in predicting extreme riverine events in ungauged watersheds at up to a five-day lead time that is similar to or better than the reliability of nowcasts from a current state-of-the-art global modelling system . In addition， we achieve accuracies over five-year return period events that are similar to or better than current accuracies over one-year return period events. This means that artificial intelligence can provide flood warnings earlier and over larger and more impactful events in ungauged basins. The model developed here was incorporated into an operational early warning system that produces publicly available forecasts in real time in over 80 countries. This work highlights a need for increasing the availability of hydrological data to continue to improve global access to reliable flood warnings.
清华大学深圳院徐晓敏团队《PNAS》重磅！
Aerosol Jet 3D 打印赋能全有机超柔性脑机接口新突破：2512S/cm 超高导电率，550 天长期稳定记录 近日，清华大学深圳国际研究生院徐晓敏团队联合东京大学染谷隆夫（Takao Someya）团队在《PNAS》发表题为《An exceptionally condu
毕业论文数字符号及缩写语的正确用法
一篇完整的论文可能在文字中夹带数学符号、缩写语与交叉引用编号。然而，鲜为人知的是，论文的标题与摘要、答辩决议和投稿信等则是独立阅读文本，一般需要禁用数学符号、缩写语和交叉引用编号。虽然如此，在独立阅读文本中也有一些使用符号、缩写语和引用的替代方式。本文讨论相关要求与规范。
清华团队合作在全有机超柔性脑机接口领域取得新进展
脑机接口技术在神经疾病诊疗、人机交互及认知研究等领域展现出重要应用前景。然而，传统金属电极因机械刚性过高（GPa量级），难以与柔软的生物组织（Pa-kPa量级）实现力学匹配，加之界面阻抗大、长期植入信号衰减明显等问题，限制了其在慢性神经接口中的应用。
代码是个蛋
This study constructs a 3D topological field based on a force-directed model to map the control flow graphs of computer code into spatial network structures， observing their self-organizing collapse behavior under external closed-loop constraints . Three types of real code with different topological complexity were selected. Their control flow nodes， edges， and cycle structures were extracted and placed into the topological field for 1500-step physical evolution. Experimental data show: All code contains cycle structures—even nominally “linear” code has 100% of its nodes in at least one cycle path;